Coin flip guide

Is a coin flip really 50/50?

In probability, a fair coin is modeled as having equal chances of heads and tails. Real physical flips can have tiny biases, but the fair-coin model remains useful.

The fair-coin model

Probability uses an idealized coin with no side favored. Under that model, neither result has information about the next.

Why variation is expected

Short sessions can look lopsided. Over larger samples, the proportion often gets closer to half, though no finite run is guaranteed to be exact.