Coin flip guide

The law of large numbers in coin flips

As the number of independent fair flips grows, the observed share of heads tends to move closer to its expected value of one half.

A tendency, not a guarantee

The law describes long-run behavior. It does not promise a balanced result in every short batch or an exact split in any finite run.

Try it yourself

Run simulations at different sizes and compare the deviation from 50 percent. The pattern becomes more visible with larger samples.